In order to control pollution and protect the global environment, Japan is actively developing biodegradable plastic manufacturing technology.
Biodegradable plastics can be decomposed automatically after use and converted into water and carbon dioxide or organic fertilizers, so it is called "clean plastic". Biodegradable plastics can be produced from petroleum derivatives and various natural substances derived from crops using biochemical synthesis techniques. Biopolymers can also be produced using biopolymers such as vegetable starch and cellulose.
Japan continues to make progress in the research and development of biodegradable plastics production technology. According to reports, the Japanese Institute of Physics and Chemistry developed bio-polyester manufacturing technology in 1987. In 1993, the institute again separated a special microorganism from the soil and supplied it with a vegetable oil as a carbon source, and another copolymerized polyester was synthesized. The bio-polyesters have different physical forms depending on the ratio of the copolymer components. They can form hard crystalline plastics or elastic plastics. These plastics can be processed into tough silk and transparent and soft. film. In addition, they have also developed the use of inexpensive sugars to allow microbes to efficiently produce high-performance copolyesters.
Japan has already isolated more than 50 kinds of microorganisms that can decompose high-molecular plastics from various environments, and has refined polyester and hydrolytic enzymes from 11 of them. The physics and chemistry research institute uses transgene technology to implant a gene of a special polymerase into an alkalophilic bacterium to produce a transgenic microorganism, and palm oil and olive oil are used as a carbon source to provide it with high efficiency. Biopolyester made from the polymerization of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid.
Japan is also studying the application of transgenic technology to implant polymerase genes into plants, allowing plants to efficiently use carbon dioxide and water to make biopolyesters. This study has made some progress.
Japan has also made a lot of efforts to realize the commercialization of biodegradable plastics. In 1989, 48 companies formed a biodegradable plastics research group. In 1995, the conference put forward the goal of realizing the practical use of biodegradable plastics. So far, companies such as Mitsubishi Plastics, Mitsui Chemicals, Showa Polymers, Uninica, etc. have successively successfully developed technologies for obtaining polylactic acid resin from corn starch as raw materials, and some biodegradable plastic products such as ropes and food containers have reached the market. Level. In addition, the production of biodegradable plastics from sweet potatoes and coconut shells has also been technically successful. Biodegradable plastics are mainly used in the following two aspects: First, products used in the natural environment, such as agricultural and forestry aquatic products, civil engineering materials, and wild tourism products, are decomposed by environmental microbes after use; second, food packaging. Daily items such as containers, disposable diapers, and other sanitary products, plastic bags, and cups, etc., are decomposed after being used together with household waste and composted.
The annual output of biodegradable plastics in Japan is about 1,000 tons, and many companies are increasing their production capacity. After two years, the output can reach 5,000 tons.
Experts believe that to make biodegradable plastics a widely used material, three issues need to be addressed: low cost, high performance, and long life.
Japan is very active in the development of biodegradable plastics technology. Some experts pointed out that with a series of technical breakthroughs, the 21st century Japan’s plastics industry may transition from the era of utilizing resources such as oil and coal to the application of biochemical technologies to produce plastics. The "biochemical industry" era. (Sun Yan)
Biodegradable plastics can be decomposed automatically after use and converted into water and carbon dioxide or organic fertilizers, so it is called "clean plastic". Biodegradable plastics can be produced from petroleum derivatives and various natural substances derived from crops using biochemical synthesis techniques. Biopolymers can also be produced using biopolymers such as vegetable starch and cellulose.
Japan continues to make progress in the research and development of biodegradable plastics production technology. According to reports, the Japanese Institute of Physics and Chemistry developed bio-polyester manufacturing technology in 1987. In 1993, the institute again separated a special microorganism from the soil and supplied it with a vegetable oil as a carbon source, and another copolymerized polyester was synthesized. The bio-polyesters have different physical forms depending on the ratio of the copolymer components. They can form hard crystalline plastics or elastic plastics. These plastics can be processed into tough silk and transparent and soft. film. In addition, they have also developed the use of inexpensive sugars to allow microbes to efficiently produce high-performance copolyesters.
Japan has already isolated more than 50 kinds of microorganisms that can decompose high-molecular plastics from various environments, and has refined polyester and hydrolytic enzymes from 11 of them. The physics and chemistry research institute uses transgene technology to implant a gene of a special polymerase into an alkalophilic bacterium to produce a transgenic microorganism, and palm oil and olive oil are used as a carbon source to provide it with high efficiency. Biopolyester made from the polymerization of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid.
Japan is also studying the application of transgenic technology to implant polymerase genes into plants, allowing plants to efficiently use carbon dioxide and water to make biopolyesters. This study has made some progress.
Japan has also made a lot of efforts to realize the commercialization of biodegradable plastics. In 1989, 48 companies formed a biodegradable plastics research group. In 1995, the conference put forward the goal of realizing the practical use of biodegradable plastics. So far, companies such as Mitsubishi Plastics, Mitsui Chemicals, Showa Polymers, Uninica, etc. have successively successfully developed technologies for obtaining polylactic acid resin from corn starch as raw materials, and some biodegradable plastic products such as ropes and food containers have reached the market. Level. In addition, the production of biodegradable plastics from sweet potatoes and coconut shells has also been technically successful. Biodegradable plastics are mainly used in the following two aspects: First, products used in the natural environment, such as agricultural and forestry aquatic products, civil engineering materials, and wild tourism products, are decomposed by environmental microbes after use; second, food packaging. Daily items such as containers, disposable diapers, and other sanitary products, plastic bags, and cups, etc., are decomposed after being used together with household waste and composted.
The annual output of biodegradable plastics in Japan is about 1,000 tons, and many companies are increasing their production capacity. After two years, the output can reach 5,000 tons.
Experts believe that to make biodegradable plastics a widely used material, three issues need to be addressed: low cost, high performance, and long life.
Japan is very active in the development of biodegradable plastics technology. Some experts pointed out that with a series of technical breakthroughs, the 21st century Japan’s plastics industry may transition from the era of utilizing resources such as oil and coal to the application of biochemical technologies to produce plastics. The "biochemical industry" era. (Sun Yan)
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