In recent years, China's printing industry has made new progress and development, making new contributions to China’s two civilizations. However, due to various reasons, compared with the developed countries, China's printing industry still has gaps with China’s goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, mainly reflected in: 1. Low level of excess production capacity; 2. Overall level of printing equipment and technology. Low; 3, modern management means behind; 4, the product printing quality is not high.
In view of the status quo of China's printing industry and the requirements for building socialist economic, political, and cultural goals with Chinese characteristics, the General Administration of Press and Publication decided to implement macro-control over the total volume, structure, and layout of China's printing industry after three years and even after the Tenth Five-year Plan. It is absolutely necessary and timely. This marked an important step after the General Administration of Press and Publication unified supervision of the printing industry in the country.
The "three-year post-fifteenth-year plan for the macro-adjustment of total volume, structure, and layout" of the printing company (No. 389 of the new printing [2003], hereinafter referred to as the "guidance opinion") is a long period of investigation and research, repeated arguments, and more. Subsequent drafting of opinions. The guiding ideology, the main objectives are clear, and the main measures are effective. They are the policy documents that guide the macro-control of the total volume, structure, and layout of printing enterprises in China.
The core of the Guiding Opinion is development. According to the “Guidance Opinion†table, the number of corporate controls in the country until 2005 is increasing year by year. In 2005, the number of controlling enterprises in printing enterprises increased by 17.4% from the number of existing printing enterprises in 2002. Some of the coastal provinces such as Fujian, Zhejiang, and Guangdong have increased by more than 20%. At the same time, according to the needs of development, the growth rate of publications, packaging and decoration, and other printed matter printing companies in the three years after the 10th Five-Year Plan was determined to be 3%, 10%, and 3%, respectively. This speed and rate of development are in full compliance with the requirements of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to insist on development as the top priority. At the same time, it is also consistent with the development of the news, publishing, and packaging and printing industries in China. Specifically, it is reported that the association has introduced a total print of 36 billion in the national newspapers in 1995. In 2002, the total number of prints in the national newspapers rose to 106.783 billion, which increased by 17% to 18% each year.
It is predicted that in the coming period of time, it will increase at a rate of 10% to 15% per year, that is, it will increase 10 billion sheets of prints each year. To complete the newspaper's growing printing tasks, at least 100 high-speed presses must be added each year. According to the publication plan, the development speed of our books and periodicals from 2001 to 2010 will increase at a rate of 7% annually. By 2010, the paper consumption of books and periodicals will increase from 1.234 million tons in 2002 to 2.6 million tons because of the state’s The paper used by the journals and the planning scope of the journal accounted for about 40% of the total print and consumption of books and periodicals in the country. Based on this, it is estimated that by 2010, the national book and periodical printing paper can reach 650-670 tons. For this reason, the plan proposes that by 2010 the national printing capacity of books and periodicals will be increased by 50% compared with 2000; the production capacity of multicolor offset printing will double than that of 2000. There are nearly 30,000 packaging and printing companies in China. The annual industrial output value is about 50 billion, which is 25%-30% of the total output value of the national printing industry. With the development of China's economy, the expansion of foreign trade after China’s accession to the WTO, and the need for improving people’s material and cultural life, according to the forecast of the Packaging and Printing Technology Association, packaging printing will develop at a rate of 10% per year in the coming period. To sum up, the status quo of the printing industry in China and the requirements for the development of the printing industry in China's economic construction in the future fully demonstrate that the number of development controls proposed by the “Guidance Opinion†in 2005 is objective and feasible.
The author believes that in order to implement the "Guidance Opinion" into full implementation of the macro-control, not to go through the court, to achieve the desired purpose, we need to grasp the following issues.
First, in-depth investigation and study, adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts in accordance with the guiding ideology of the "Guidance Opinion" to achieve the 2005 regulatory goals, we must in-depth investigation and study to find out the true bottom of the printing industry in the region, according to the country, especially the region after the accession to the WTO Changes in the demand for the development of the printing industry, after careful analysis, full demonstration, to determine what needs to be developed, how much to develop; limit what, to what extent. In combination with local financial resources, priorities will be set, plans will be made, and steps will be implemented step by step. In development, special emphasis should be placed on seeking truth from facts and the development of this development. Moreover, according to the local advantages, the market economy develops potential new growth points, makes scientific decisions, and must have a sense of advancement in decision-making, and must not blindly follow others to run and must be innovative. The control figures in the “Guidance Opinions†are not hard indicators issued, but are only a reference figure. The provinces with rapid economic development may make some breakthroughs, and in relatively underdeveloped regions, they should not ignore local needs and blindly pursue non-achievements.
All localities must bear in mind that in the past few years, they "would like to send and print", which once caused the country's printing development to lose control. It is right to insist on technological progress in development. However, it is also necessary not to ignore the needs of the local market and compete with each other, and pursue one-sided pursuit of advanced technology. For example, in the past few years in the printing industry in the country, Daxing has introduced commercial wind machines. A city has introduced a lot of Taiwan within a year. Because there is not such a big market, most of the equipment is not fully fed and is in a state of starvation. In order to survive, compete with each other and lower prices each other, it creates an unfair vicious competition. Other companies are rushing to fashion, regardless of the actual needs of the unit, the introduction of the CTP direct plate-making equipment, the results of advanced equipment heroes useless, working a few days a month, most of the time in the armpits.
2. Act strictly according to policies and regulations to ensure that the printing industry develops the “Guidance Opinions†table in a healthy and stable manner. Except for other printing companies in Beijing, from the current 866 to the end of 2003, it has been compressed to 400 (estimated difficulty). As mentioned earlier, the number of other countries in the country from the current number to 2005 has been increasing year by year. This is a good thing, but if it is improperly increased and developed arbitrarily, it will also create new problems. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the following aspects in development.
1. Actively attract foreign investment to drive and promote the development of China's printing industry. Borrowing foreign capital to develop our country's printing industry, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Dongguan and other places have had years of successful practical experience and are worth learning from. Therefore, all local enterprises that apply for foreign-funded printing, sole-venture, joint-venture or cooperative printing enterprises shall be examined and submitted for approval according to the conditions in the “Provisional Regulations on the Establishment of Foreign-invested Printing Enterprisesâ€. If the policy permits, what preferential policies exist in the region, the hope will be given to the country to obtain equal national treatment, so as to stimulate the enthusiasm of foreign investment.
2. Consolidate and develop the existing state-owned enterprises, optimize and upgrade them, make them bigger and stronger, revive their vigor, and make more contributions.
3. Encourage and support the private economy to develop the printing industry. Private printing companies have developed rapidly in recent years and deserve attention. In particular, privately-owned printing enterprises with a high starting point for bidding and high-tech products should be given priority to allow them to fully develop.
4. The general new projects that meet the “Provisional Provisions for the Qualification of Printing Operators†(hereinafter referred to as “Provisional Regulationsâ€) shall be subject to strict approval, rather than abuse, so as to prevent the increase of low-level printing production capacity.
5. Overcoming blind development and bureaucratic style. Any project that has not been investigated or has not been investigated for feasibility or scientifically approved (including the head office-run school with no market, closed-door construction achievements, etc.) will not be approved, so as not to waste the country. In the past few years, there was an area where departments examining and approving projects were not afraid of an offending policy. They were afraid to offend their leaders. With a single stroke, they invested tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of yuan in several projects. The introduction of advanced equipment and technology had no market. It is useless to idle for a long time. It is a waste of astonishment and the lesson is painful. We should take warning.
3. Establishing the overall situation and overcoming the implementation of local guidelines for the protection of "Guiding Opinions" are key to the press and publication and related administrative departments of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Learning from the past few years, the country has repeatedly regulated and rectified the positive and negative experiences of the printing industry. The press and publication departments in various parts of the country must not only take into account the overall situation of the country, but must also base themselves on the local reality. Development is to encourage, support, and promote advanced and viable things and limit and eliminate backward things. Therefore, it seems to be feasible at the local level and it is not feasible from the overall perspective. It is therefore necessary to resolutely endure the pain and to cut off love and sacrifice local interests to consider the overall situation. If you don't break it, the truth is here. The former State Economic and Trade Commission has announced three batches of backward production capacity processes and product catalogues from January 1999 to June 2002. There are nearly a hundred kinds of printing industries, but some areas have so far refused to implement them. Because of the low cost, there is a market, which is profitable, and it still retains those backward-polluted lead-leaching, cast-wording, lead-printing, and copper-zinc-plate etching processes. In this macro-control, it is not allowed to keep it. It must be eliminated. Never tolerate!
Businesses engaged in printing operations without licenses or licenses are resolutely banned, regardless of their size and regardless of how their legal representatives come.
For printing companies that print politically wrong books, pirated books, and fake tickets, regardless of the number of copies, how many are printed, they must be strictly dealt with until their business licenses are revoked.
For printing companies that have met the conditions of the “Provisional Regulationsâ€, due to outdated equipment, backward technology, low quality of technicians and workers, and chaotic management, their product printing quality has not reached the national standard for a long period of time, causing them to withdraw from the printing industry.
The printing companies that cannot meet the conditions of the Interim Provisions and are unable to reform or expand in the short term to meet the conditions of the Interim Provisions, also revoke the printing industry, merge them, or be merged with other companies. merger.
Macro-control is a serious and highly policy-oriented work. There are many additions and subtractions in implementation. When doing subtraction, it must inevitably touch upon the economic interests of some areas and departments, involving the lay-offs of some employees, social stability, and other issues. Therefore, we must be cautious in implementation. As long as we earnestly follow the important thinking of the "three represents," the Party's policies, and follow the requirements of the "Guiding Opinions," all departments can work together to achieve macroeconomic regulation and control in order to achieve the same goal, achieve common understanding, work together, and cooperate with each other. Do it well. (Gao Yongqing)
In view of the status quo of China's printing industry and the requirements for building socialist economic, political, and cultural goals with Chinese characteristics, the General Administration of Press and Publication decided to implement macro-control over the total volume, structure, and layout of China's printing industry after three years and even after the Tenth Five-year Plan. It is absolutely necessary and timely. This marked an important step after the General Administration of Press and Publication unified supervision of the printing industry in the country.
The "three-year post-fifteenth-year plan for the macro-adjustment of total volume, structure, and layout" of the printing company (No. 389 of the new printing [2003], hereinafter referred to as the "guidance opinion") is a long period of investigation and research, repeated arguments, and more. Subsequent drafting of opinions. The guiding ideology, the main objectives are clear, and the main measures are effective. They are the policy documents that guide the macro-control of the total volume, structure, and layout of printing enterprises in China.
The core of the Guiding Opinion is development. According to the “Guidance Opinion†table, the number of corporate controls in the country until 2005 is increasing year by year. In 2005, the number of controlling enterprises in printing enterprises increased by 17.4% from the number of existing printing enterprises in 2002. Some of the coastal provinces such as Fujian, Zhejiang, and Guangdong have increased by more than 20%. At the same time, according to the needs of development, the growth rate of publications, packaging and decoration, and other printed matter printing companies in the three years after the 10th Five-Year Plan was determined to be 3%, 10%, and 3%, respectively. This speed and rate of development are in full compliance with the requirements of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to insist on development as the top priority. At the same time, it is also consistent with the development of the news, publishing, and packaging and printing industries in China. Specifically, it is reported that the association has introduced a total print of 36 billion in the national newspapers in 1995. In 2002, the total number of prints in the national newspapers rose to 106.783 billion, which increased by 17% to 18% each year.
It is predicted that in the coming period of time, it will increase at a rate of 10% to 15% per year, that is, it will increase 10 billion sheets of prints each year. To complete the newspaper's growing printing tasks, at least 100 high-speed presses must be added each year. According to the publication plan, the development speed of our books and periodicals from 2001 to 2010 will increase at a rate of 7% annually. By 2010, the paper consumption of books and periodicals will increase from 1.234 million tons in 2002 to 2.6 million tons because of the state’s The paper used by the journals and the planning scope of the journal accounted for about 40% of the total print and consumption of books and periodicals in the country. Based on this, it is estimated that by 2010, the national book and periodical printing paper can reach 650-670 tons. For this reason, the plan proposes that by 2010 the national printing capacity of books and periodicals will be increased by 50% compared with 2000; the production capacity of multicolor offset printing will double than that of 2000. There are nearly 30,000 packaging and printing companies in China. The annual industrial output value is about 50 billion, which is 25%-30% of the total output value of the national printing industry. With the development of China's economy, the expansion of foreign trade after China’s accession to the WTO, and the need for improving people’s material and cultural life, according to the forecast of the Packaging and Printing Technology Association, packaging printing will develop at a rate of 10% per year in the coming period. To sum up, the status quo of the printing industry in China and the requirements for the development of the printing industry in China's economic construction in the future fully demonstrate that the number of development controls proposed by the “Guidance Opinion†in 2005 is objective and feasible.
The author believes that in order to implement the "Guidance Opinion" into full implementation of the macro-control, not to go through the court, to achieve the desired purpose, we need to grasp the following issues.
First, in-depth investigation and study, adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts in accordance with the guiding ideology of the "Guidance Opinion" to achieve the 2005 regulatory goals, we must in-depth investigation and study to find out the true bottom of the printing industry in the region, according to the country, especially the region after the accession to the WTO Changes in the demand for the development of the printing industry, after careful analysis, full demonstration, to determine what needs to be developed, how much to develop; limit what, to what extent. In combination with local financial resources, priorities will be set, plans will be made, and steps will be implemented step by step. In development, special emphasis should be placed on seeking truth from facts and the development of this development. Moreover, according to the local advantages, the market economy develops potential new growth points, makes scientific decisions, and must have a sense of advancement in decision-making, and must not blindly follow others to run and must be innovative. The control figures in the “Guidance Opinions†are not hard indicators issued, but are only a reference figure. The provinces with rapid economic development may make some breakthroughs, and in relatively underdeveloped regions, they should not ignore local needs and blindly pursue non-achievements.
All localities must bear in mind that in the past few years, they "would like to send and print", which once caused the country's printing development to lose control. It is right to insist on technological progress in development. However, it is also necessary not to ignore the needs of the local market and compete with each other, and pursue one-sided pursuit of advanced technology. For example, in the past few years in the printing industry in the country, Daxing has introduced commercial wind machines. A city has introduced a lot of Taiwan within a year. Because there is not such a big market, most of the equipment is not fully fed and is in a state of starvation. In order to survive, compete with each other and lower prices each other, it creates an unfair vicious competition. Other companies are rushing to fashion, regardless of the actual needs of the unit, the introduction of the CTP direct plate-making equipment, the results of advanced equipment heroes useless, working a few days a month, most of the time in the armpits.
2. Act strictly according to policies and regulations to ensure that the printing industry develops the “Guidance Opinions†table in a healthy and stable manner. Except for other printing companies in Beijing, from the current 866 to the end of 2003, it has been compressed to 400 (estimated difficulty). As mentioned earlier, the number of other countries in the country from the current number to 2005 has been increasing year by year. This is a good thing, but if it is improperly increased and developed arbitrarily, it will also create new problems. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the following aspects in development.
1. Actively attract foreign investment to drive and promote the development of China's printing industry. Borrowing foreign capital to develop our country's printing industry, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Dongguan and other places have had years of successful practical experience and are worth learning from. Therefore, all local enterprises that apply for foreign-funded printing, sole-venture, joint-venture or cooperative printing enterprises shall be examined and submitted for approval according to the conditions in the “Provisional Regulations on the Establishment of Foreign-invested Printing Enterprisesâ€. If the policy permits, what preferential policies exist in the region, the hope will be given to the country to obtain equal national treatment, so as to stimulate the enthusiasm of foreign investment.
2. Consolidate and develop the existing state-owned enterprises, optimize and upgrade them, make them bigger and stronger, revive their vigor, and make more contributions.
3. Encourage and support the private economy to develop the printing industry. Private printing companies have developed rapidly in recent years and deserve attention. In particular, privately-owned printing enterprises with a high starting point for bidding and high-tech products should be given priority to allow them to fully develop.
4. The general new projects that meet the “Provisional Provisions for the Qualification of Printing Operators†(hereinafter referred to as “Provisional Regulationsâ€) shall be subject to strict approval, rather than abuse, so as to prevent the increase of low-level printing production capacity.
5. Overcoming blind development and bureaucratic style. Any project that has not been investigated or has not been investigated for feasibility or scientifically approved (including the head office-run school with no market, closed-door construction achievements, etc.) will not be approved, so as not to waste the country. In the past few years, there was an area where departments examining and approving projects were not afraid of an offending policy. They were afraid to offend their leaders. With a single stroke, they invested tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of yuan in several projects. The introduction of advanced equipment and technology had no market. It is useless to idle for a long time. It is a waste of astonishment and the lesson is painful. We should take warning.
3. Establishing the overall situation and overcoming the implementation of local guidelines for the protection of "Guiding Opinions" are key to the press and publication and related administrative departments of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Learning from the past few years, the country has repeatedly regulated and rectified the positive and negative experiences of the printing industry. The press and publication departments in various parts of the country must not only take into account the overall situation of the country, but must also base themselves on the local reality. Development is to encourage, support, and promote advanced and viable things and limit and eliminate backward things. Therefore, it seems to be feasible at the local level and it is not feasible from the overall perspective. It is therefore necessary to resolutely endure the pain and to cut off love and sacrifice local interests to consider the overall situation. If you don't break it, the truth is here. The former State Economic and Trade Commission has announced three batches of backward production capacity processes and product catalogues from January 1999 to June 2002. There are nearly a hundred kinds of printing industries, but some areas have so far refused to implement them. Because of the low cost, there is a market, which is profitable, and it still retains those backward-polluted lead-leaching, cast-wording, lead-printing, and copper-zinc-plate etching processes. In this macro-control, it is not allowed to keep it. It must be eliminated. Never tolerate!
Businesses engaged in printing operations without licenses or licenses are resolutely banned, regardless of their size and regardless of how their legal representatives come.
For printing companies that print politically wrong books, pirated books, and fake tickets, regardless of the number of copies, how many are printed, they must be strictly dealt with until their business licenses are revoked.
For printing companies that have met the conditions of the “Provisional Regulationsâ€, due to outdated equipment, backward technology, low quality of technicians and workers, and chaotic management, their product printing quality has not reached the national standard for a long period of time, causing them to withdraw from the printing industry.
The printing companies that cannot meet the conditions of the Interim Provisions and are unable to reform or expand in the short term to meet the conditions of the Interim Provisions, also revoke the printing industry, merge them, or be merged with other companies. merger.
Macro-control is a serious and highly policy-oriented work. There are many additions and subtractions in implementation. When doing subtraction, it must inevitably touch upon the economic interests of some areas and departments, involving the lay-offs of some employees, social stability, and other issues. Therefore, we must be cautious in implementation. As long as we earnestly follow the important thinking of the "three represents," the Party's policies, and follow the requirements of the "Guiding Opinions," all departments can work together to achieve macroeconomic regulation and control in order to achieve the same goal, achieve common understanding, work together, and cooperate with each other. Do it well. (Gao Yongqing)
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