Natural grass bed construction differs significantly from other site preparation methods. To meet the design specifications and ensure healthy growth of grass seedlings, proper drainage is essential. The key steps in this construction process include:
First, precise layout work is carried out using field center stakes to determine exact positions. The four corner flags are accurately placed using coordinate methods, and the size and angle of the field are verified through diagonal measurements or alternative testing techniques.
During the leveling phase, a square grid method with 5m x 5m spacing is used for height control, rather than relying on vertical and horizontal slope methods. This ensures even distribution and stability across the site.
After the earthwork is completed, the entire area is compacted using a roller. A light roller or vibratory compactor with a weight of at least 12 tons is used. Compaction serves two purposes: leveling the surface and ensuring uniform density to prevent uneven settlement. Any high or low areas must be filled or removed as needed, achieving a compaction density of up to 95%. The ground should be free of soft spots or slush, which must be fully treated before proceeding. Simply using a bulldozer for leveling is not sufficient, as improper compaction can lead to future issues like uneven settling, affecting lawn maintenance and performance.
Next, a gravel layer is installed to aid in drainage. The materials must be clean and free from debris. Each layer should not exceed 20cm in thickness, and after laying, the entire field is rolled at least twice using large crawler bulldozers to ensure proper compaction.
The blind ditch system is then constructed after the first drainage layer is in place. Each ditch must have a consistent drainage gradient, with smooth channels and no obstructions. Once the filter pipes are installed, gravel is placed on both sides and compacted. The backfilling process involves layered filling with large, coarse, and fine gravel, followed by sand, ensuring that materials are not randomly mixed. Finally, all excavated soil is removed from the site.
Currently, backfilled sand is often sourced from riverbeds or mountainous areas, which may contain harmful bacteria, nematodes, and weed seeds. Therefore, it’s crucial to disinfect the soil mixture before use. In the past, sand had to be left to cure for some time before sterilization could be effective.
To enhance the stability of the grass, a tensile material is laid beneath the planting soil. This grid-like material has openings no larger than 1 cm, allowing grass roots to pass through and interlock, preventing large sections of turf from lifting when athletes move on the field.
Finally, before planting, a final measurement is taken to check elevation, slope, and overall flatness. The general flatness error should not exceed 1 cm to ensure a smooth and even playing surface.
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