Natural grass bed construction differs from other site preparation methods, as it requires special attention to soil processing in order to meet both design specifications and the needs of grass seedling growth. A key goal is to ensure effective drainage and a stable base for long-term turf performance. The following are the main steps involved in the process:
First, accurate layout and marking of the field lines are essential. Using the central stake as a reference, the exact positions of the field are determined. The four corners are placed using coordinate methods, and diagonal measurements are used to verify the size and angles of the field. This ensures precision before any major earthwork begins.
During the leveling phase, a grid system is used to control elevation, with a 5m x 5m square grid. This method helps maintain even slopes and prevents irregularities that could lead to water pooling or uneven settling over time.
After the earthwork is complete, full-site compaction is necessary. A roller weighing at least 12 tons is used, either through light grinding or vibration. The goal is not only to level the ground but also to create a dense and uniform base. Any high or low areas must be corrected by filling or removing material. Compaction should reach at least 95% density, and no slush or soft spots should remain. Bulldozers alone are not sufficient for this stage, as improper compaction can cause future settlement issues that affect lawn maintenance.
Next, the gravel layer is installed to aid drainage. The materials must be clean and free of debris. Each layer is applied in sections no thicker than 20cm, followed by rolling with a large bulldozer. At least two passes are required to ensure proper compaction and stability.
The blind ditch system is then constructed after the first layer of drainage gravel is laid. Each ditch must have a consistent slope to prevent water accumulation. The filter pipes are placed, and gravel is packed on both sides to stabilize them. Filling is done in layers—large gravel, coarse gravel, fine gravel, and sand—ensuring no random mixing. All excavated soil is removed from the site to avoid contamination.
The backfilling sand used comes from natural sources like riverbeds or mountain areas. However, it often contains harmful bacteria, nematodes, and weed seeds. Therefore, disinfection is necessary during soil mixing. Previously, a waiting period was required after the sand arrived to allow for sterilization.
To improve the stability of the grass roots, a tensile material is placed beneath the topsoil. This grid-like material has openings no larger than 1 cm, allowing the grass roots to pass through and interlock. This prevents large sections of turf from being lifted during intense use, such as in sports fields.
Finally, before planting the grass, a final measurement is taken to check the elevation and slope. The surface should be smooth, with a flatness tolerance of no more than 1 cm. This ensures the grass will grow evenly and perform well over time.
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