Recycling and reuse of old German appliances

With the development of society, almost all countries in the world are facing the problem of recycling of used electrical appliances. A large number of waste computers, refrigerators, and televisions are engulfing human living space. Germany is a major producer and consumer of home appliances. According to the figures provided by the German Electrical Appliances Association, Germany produces a total of 1 million tons of various kinds of electrical garbage every year. As early as 1997, the European Commission set out to establish regulations for the recycling and reuse of old electrical appliances, which may be implemented in the second half of 2002. According to the European Union’s regulations, old household appliances in various countries should achieve the objectives of large-scale recycling, scientific classification, specialized treatment, and sound use. The regulations also require manufacturers to recycle used electrical and electronic equipment. The regulations stipulate that the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, and brominated flame retardants, which are widely used in the production of electrical appliances, will be banned after 2008. Germany currently has no uniform legal provisions for recycling old electrical appliances. Each state has established various regulations on the recycling of electrical appliances according to its actual conditions. However, it should be said that Germany is at the forefront of the European Union in the recycling and reuse of old electrical appliances. The institutions responsible for recycling old electrical appliances in Germany are municipal enterprises directly subordinate to the municipalities. These companies provide networked services and collect waste electrical appliances for consumers. Many cities stipulate that on a certain day of the week, the electronic waste can be thrown into a designated place and then uniformly removed by the relevant departments. In the metropolis of Berlin, it is not allowed to throw old appliances casually, but as long as you give a phone call to a designated institution, send a text or E-MAIL, there will be someone on-site service, but the residents have to pay 10-30 according to the size of the electrical appliances. Euro shipping costs. For example, an old television or an old refrigerator would have to pay a disposal fee of 25 euros. If residents drive their own vehicles to the recycling center, they will not pay any fees. "The significance of recycling is to reduce pollution and save energy and resources. Recycled waste products are still rejected if they are not reused." This is the guiding ideology for recycling old appliances in Germany. It is a very complicated and difficult task to make the recycling of waste electrical appliances to their full use. High technology plays an important role in the processing of old electrical appliances. In the recycling center, all old electrical waste must be scientifically sorted and classified. The electrical appliances that can be used are subject to safety inspections, replacement of old parts, and cleaning, disinfection, and then provided to the society for reuse; waste electrical appliances with no use value must be in the environmental protection department. Approved demolition sites are classified by metal, plastics, circuit boards, electrical components, etc., and sent for specialization, smelting, chemical decomposition, or incineration. The burned ash can be bricked or landfilled. A dissolution technology invented by Germany can effectively recover all plastic and fireproof materials on old electrical appliances. According to this technology, waste electrical appliances are put into the pool with special solvent and dissolved for several hours before dissolving the solution. Recyclable materials are used to convert solid plastic waste into useful secondary raw material resources. In Germany, many waste electrical appliances are not unusable, but are replaced by high-income families. The flea markets around Germany provide a re-use place for these old appliances. There are more than 4 million foreigners living in Germany. Many of them are war or economic refugees. They have a special liking for good quality, low-cost old appliances. Old appliances sold in the flea market account for about 7% of all used electrical appliances. More than 2 million college students across the country are also a strong team of old appliances. German society has a consensus that the industrialization process of human society for nearly four centuries has undermined the living environment of human beings. However, the burden of the natural environment is rarely included in the cost accounting of products. This cost is basically borne by the society. Now. In order to change this unreasonable phenomenon, it is necessary to adopt the policy of whoever pollutes and govern. This is a major principle of German environmental protection policy. At present, Germany is launching a "responsible for the producer" discussion by forcing manufacturers to reclaim their waste products through legal means in order to fundamentally solve the problem of electrical waste. In addition, tax reform is also an important means of promoting environmental protection. In the European Union, Germany first implemented a “tax transfer” to increase tax revenues for those who are detrimental to the environment and use these taxes for environmental protection.