Creatine is a compound synthesized from three amino acids, arginine, glycine, and methionine. It can be synthesized by the human body or it can be taken from food. Creatine is an amino acid naturally produced in the human body. It can rapidly increase muscle strength, promote new muscle growth, accelerate fatigue recovery, and increase explosive power.
The more creatine is stored in the body, the stronger its strength and athletic ability. It not only provides energy quickly (the body's activities rely on ATP, that is, adenosine triphosphate provides energy, while ATP stores very little in the human body. When exercise, ATP is quickly consumed, and creatine can be quickly The re-synthesis of ATP has been supplied with energy). It also increases strength, increases muscle mass, and speeds up fatigue recovery. The more the creatine is stored in the human body, the more sufficient the supply of energy, the faster the fatigue recovery, and the stronger the exercise energy. When the physical energy consumption is large, the human body needs about 5 grams of creatine per day.
Creatine has two forms of existence in the human body, one is creatine phosphate and the other is free creatine. A small amount of creatine is present in fish and meat foods, so it is difficult to obtain the daily intake of each person who is helpful for growing muscles. Since creatine is not a hormone, taking creatine does not cause any interference or damage to the body's endocrine system, nor does it cause people to have drug or physiological side effects. Therefore, creatine supplements have become very popular in recent years. Shanghai Chuangsai provides anhydrous creatine, 57-00-1, BR, 98%, commodity number: D23-A0247-25g, price 70 yuan.
The production and preparation of creatine has received more and more attention. After the development of the sub-bovine, the preparation methods are also diverse:
1. Using S-methylisothiourea or S-methylisothiouron sulfate as raw material
Use sarcosine, sodium sarcosinate or potassium sarcosinate with S-methylisothiourea or S-methylisothiouronium sulfate in water or a mixture of water and organic solvent at 15 ° C ~ 140 ° C. The reaction was carried out under the conditions of PH7~13 to prepare creatine. The product was purified by basic complexing agent with an average yield of 71.15%.
The advantage of this method is that the prepared creatine does not contain substances harmful to the human body, and the reaction is carried out in water or in a mixture of water and an organic solvent, which is advantageous for temperature regulation. Moreover, the basic complex reagent added in the recrystallization is advantageous for improving the purity of the product, and the yield of creatine is close to 96%.
Second, using O-methylisourea salt as raw material
Creatine is obtained by reacting an aqueous solution of sodium sarcosinate with O-methylisoureamethyl sulfate at 15-20 ° C under a pH of 11.
It is characterized in that a creatine crystal of monohydrate is added as a seed crystal in an aqueous solution of sodium sarcosinate, so that the supersaturation value of creatine monohydrate in the reaction mixture is lower than the value of spontaneously forming nuclei, and the muscle in the solution is avoided. The supersaturation of the acid initiates the spontaneous formation of the nucleus and also prevents the product from containing impurities from the spontaneous reaction medium when the nucleus is spontaneously formed. The advantage of this method is that the product has high purity, and the disadvantage is that the yield is not high. Shanghai Chuangsai provides sodium sarcosinate, 4316-73-8, content 33%-35%, commodity number: D16-1015155-500g, price 1380 yuan.
Third, using urea as raw material
O-methylisourea sulfate was obtained by reacting urea with dimethyl sulfate under the conditions of an organic solvent and an acid. The product was reacted with sodium sarcosinate under pH 11 to obtain creatine without further purification. It is 87%. Shanghai Chuangsai provides urea, Urea, AR, 57-13-6, product number: C16-U10045-500g, the price is 38 yuan.
The method is characterized by low raw materials and sufficient sources. Moreover, the process does not produce a lot of by-products, the purification step is omitted, and the yield is high, and the purity of the product is suitable.
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